This talk presents the findings of a research project funded by a Hang Seng Bank Golden Jubilee Education Fund for Research (2010 – 12). This project has particularly focused on the trajectories and networks of Burmese Muslim migrant communities settled in Yunnan since the early 1990s. Drawing on field observation and interviews in cross-border jade markets, it has examined why and how Burmese Muslim communities have migrated northwards into China, and managed to position themselves as relatively successful “middlemen” — mostly as jade traders — between dominant Chinese entrepreneurs and other Burmese ethnic groups who control gem mining and trade inside Burma (Myanmar). The research also illustrates the way they make the most of their ethnic, kinship and religious networks to form a significant “ethnic enclave” in the Yunnan-Burma borderlands, as well as establish far-reaching diasporic solidarities and business networks beyond Burma and Yunnan, into Asia and the world.