After World War II, up to 113,000 U.S. servicemen were stationed in China for various missions from accepting Japanese surrender to maintaining peace in the resuming Civil War. Their presence transformed the physical and mental geography of post-war China, and frictions with local populations led to strong anti-American sentiments. This talk focuses on the tensions tied to GI’s romance with Chinese women, the so-called “Jeep girls” who socialized, sometimes intimately, with American soldiers during and after World War II. Such sociocultural tensions, often accompanied by political manipulations by both the Nationalist and Communist parties, had a profound impact on Chinese views of the United States. The American liberator became an imperialist aggressor.