The question of why nature matters is now critical. Over recent decades, we have witnessed the thinning of life on earth and the collapse of eco-systems and habitats. At its heart, this crisis comes down to human decisions about what matters. It would appear from the actions and choices of most societies that people don’t believe nature matters. So why does nature matter? We will explore various explanations coming from different points of view, and suggest that Christian thinking may have a considerable contribution to make to this critical debate.